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Rising Heat Cripples India's Cardamom and Tea — Farmers Turn to Tech

Rising Heat Cripples India's Cardamom and Tea — Farmers Turn to Tech

Rising heat has sharply reduced yields of cardamom and tea in parts of India, lifting cardamom prices roughly 70% and cutting tea production nearly 6% after repeated 35°C (95°F) conditions. Farmers are increasingly adopting a soil-diagnostic smartphone app that provides timely, location-specific recommendations. Many growers are also exploring shading, better irrigation and crop diversification to cope with mounting climate stress.

Rising temperatures have sharply reduced yields of two of India’s most valuable crops, cardamom and tea, pushing growers to adopt new tools and strategies as global demand continues to rise.

Cardamom production suffered a severe setback last year, with a poor harvest sending prices up about 70%. Tea output also declined: production is down nearly 6% this year after repeated days of temperatures above 35°C (95°F), which an expert says caused the bushes to "essentially shut down." These losses underline how heat stress is disrupting crop cycles and farm incomes.

Digital tools and local responses

Some farmers are turning to digital solutions. A soil-diagnostic smartphone app that assesses soil health and provides timely, location-specific recommendations has begun to gain traction. Farmers report the app helps them make quicker decisions about irrigation, fertilization and other management practices.

"Technology is no longer separate from farming. It is now a daily tool," one grower said.

Adaptation and outlook

Beyond apps, growers are exploring broader adaptation measures such as shade management, improved irrigation and crop diversification to reduce vulnerability to heat. However, experts warn that sustained support — including research, extension services and investment in resilient practices — will be essential to protect yields and livelihoods as temperatures continue to rise.

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