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Argentina Reports Record Surge in Syphilis — Young Adults Most Affected as Cases Rise 20.5%

Argentina has recorded a 20.5% year-on-year rise in syphilis cases, with 36,702 infections reported in the first 44 weeks and national incidence rising to 93 per 100,000 in 2024. Seventy-six percent of cases are among people aged 15–39, especially those 20–29. Officials say the surge reflects both sustained transmission and improved detection, while social media trends normalizing condomless sex may be contributing. Regional health bodies urge expanded testing, treatment and stronger surveillance to curb the spread.

04:33 AM, 11/25/2025Health
Argentina Reports Record Surge in Syphilis — Young Adults Most Affected as Cases Rise 20.5%

Argentina is experiencing an unprecedented rise in syphilis infections this year, with cases increasing 20.5% compared with the same period last year, according to data from the Ministry of Health's National Epidemiological Bulletin.

Key figures

During the first 44 weeks of the year, health authorities recorded 36,702 infections — a total that nearly matches the 36,917 cases reported for an entire previous year and exceeds the 30,445 cases registered in 2023. National incidence rose from 56 cases per 100,000 people in 2019 to 93 per 100,000 in 2024.

Who is affected

The increase is widespread across all regions but concentrated among younger people: 76% of confirmed cases involve people aged 15–39, with the highest rates in those aged 20–29.

What is driving the surge

Health officials identify two main contributors to the rise: ongoing transmission of the infection and improved detection through strengthened surveillance. Officials also point to cultural trends among younger Argentines — including social media content on platforms such as TikTok and Instagram that often normalizes sex without condoms — as a potential factor increasing exposure risks.

Regional context and response

Argentina's situation reflects a broader pattern across the Americas. The Pan American Health Organization estimates more than 3.3 million new syphilis infections annually in the region, with cases rising nearly 30% since 2020 and persistently high levels of congenital syphilis.

In July, representatives from 23 countries met in São Paulo to coordinate a regional response. The meeting produced a document urging expanded access to testing and treatment, stronger surveillance, and greater political commitment to contain the disease.

Public health implications and guidance

  • Rising syphilis cases increase pressure on health systems and pose particular risks for pregnant women and newborns; early detection and treatment prevent serious complications.
  • Health authorities recommend regular testing for sexually active people, consistent condom use, and prompt treatment for those who test positive.
  • Improved surveillance has helped identify more cases, but preventing transmission requires combined efforts of health services, community education, and accessible testing and treatment.
Sources: Ministry of Health national bulletin; Pan American Health Organization.

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