Burundi is investigating an outbreak of an undiagnosed illness that has sickened 35 people and killed at least five since March 30, a roughly 14% fatality rate among confirmed cases. Tests on patient samples have been negative for more than 200 known pathogens, including Ebola and Marburg. Reported symptoms include fever, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and dark urine, and some patients exhibit neurologic signs and jaundice. Authorities and the WHO are conducting human and animal testing and sending samples to advanced labs for further analysis.
Mysterious Outbreak in Burundi: 35 Sick, At Least 5 Dead — 200+ Pathogens Ruled Out
Health authorities in Burundi are investigating a cluster of illnesses that has infected 35 people and killed at least five since March 30. The suspected outbreak is undiagnosed, and initial testing has come back negative for more than 200 known pathogens.
Outbreak Overview
Officials estimate the case fatality rate among confirmed cases at roughly 14%. Patient samples have tested negative for a broad list of viruses and agents, including Ebola and Marburg viruses, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.
Reported Symptoms
Patients have presented with a combination of gastrointestinal and systemic symptoms. Common complaints include fever, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and dark-colored urine. Some patients have also shown neurologic signs, anemia, jaundice and difficulty breathing.
Public Health Response
Public health teams in Burundi are conducting both human and animal testing to determine whether the illness could be zoonotic — meaning it may have jumped from animals to people. Authorities have forwarded samples to more advanced regional and international laboratories for further analysis.
"All the necessary measures are being taken to safeguard public health and prevent potential spread of infection," said Burundi's Minister of Health, Dr. Lydwine Badarahana.
The World Health Organization (WHO) is providing technical support to strengthen surveillance and assist with laboratory investigations. Health officials continue to monitor contacts, collect clinical data, and advise the public on seeking care if symptoms develop.
Investigations are ongoing, and results from more specialized testing are expected to provide further clues about the cause of the outbreak.
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